文章摘要
古扎丽努尔·德力木拉提,古力努尔·艾尔肯,米吉提·阿不里米提,艾斯卡尔·艾木都拉.非汉语母语者的普通话元音和辅音感知研究[J].声学技术,2020,39(2):214~219
非汉语母语者的普通话元音和辅音感知研究
Research on Mandarin vowel and consonant perception based on comparative analysis
投稿时间:2018-09-05  修订日期:2018-11-22
DOI:10.16300/j.cnki.1000-3630.2020.02.015
中文关键词: 辨认实验  区分实验  语音感知  频谱距离  时长差异
英文关键词: identification task  discrimination task  speech perception  spectral distance  duration difference
基金项目:国家973项目(2013CB329301)、国家自然科学基金项目(61662078)资助
作者单位E-mail
古扎丽努尔·德力木拉提 新疆大学信息科学与工程学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830046  
古力努尔·艾尔肯 新疆大学信息科学与工程学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830046  
米吉提·阿不里米提 新疆大学信息科学与工程学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830046  
艾斯卡尔·艾木都拉 新疆大学信息科学与工程学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830046 askarhamdulla@sina.com 
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中文摘要:
      语音感知研究是语音学主要研究内容之一。为了解学习者对普通话元音和辅音的感知情况,并为汉语教学提供借鉴,拓宽言语学习模型的应用领域,减少教学的盲目性,根据第二语言习得理论模式,采用实验语音学和统计学的方法,设计辨认实验和区分实验,分别对普通话水平处于高级和初级水平的20名维吾尔族大学生元音、塞音、擦音和塞擦音的感知情况进行研究。辨认实验考察学习者对元音和辅音的感知反应时间和感知准确率。在区分实验中,计算元音对的频谱距离,辅音对的频谱距离,以及它们的时长差异,对学习者的区分能力进行分析。实验结果显示高级水平学习者的感知元音和辅音的能力明显高于初级水平学习者。学习者对发音部位靠后的元音反应时间快且感知准确率高,对于发音部位靠前的元音反应时间较慢且感知准确率低,对塞擦音的辨认准确率高,对擦音的辨认准确度最低。元音对的频谱距离和辅音对的时长差异会影响到学习者的区分能力,但辅音对的频谱距离和区分情况不存在密切联系。
英文摘要:
      Speech perception research is one of the main research contents of phonetics. The purpose of this research is to understand the learner's perception of Mandarin vowels and consonants, and to provide a reference for Chinese teaching, broaden the application field of speech learning models and reduce the blindness of teaching. According to the theoretical model of second language acquisition, this paper uses experimental phonetics and statistical methods and designs identification experiments and distinction experiments to study the perception abilities of vowel, consonant, plosive, fricative and affricative for the 20 Uyghur college students who are at the advanced and junior levels of Putonghua respectively. The identification experiment examines the learner's perceived response time and perceived accuracy of vowels and consonants. In the distinction experiment, the spectral distances of vowel pairs, the spectral distances of consonant pairs and their duration differences are calculated to analyze the learner's distinction ability. The experimental results show that the ability perceiving vowels and consonants of the advanced level learners is significantly higher than that of the primary level learners; the learner's response time to the vowel at the back of the pronunciation is fast and the perception accuracy is high, however, the response time to the vowel at the front of the pronunciation is slow and the perception accuracy is low; in addition, the recognition accuracy of the affricative is high, and the lowest is for the fricative; the differences in the spectral distance of vowel pair and in the duration of consonant pair affect the learner's distinction ability, but the spectral distance of consonant pair is not closely related to distinction.
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