| 宋杲,张小安,杨力,张晓芸,徐建刚.直立插板式声屏障屏体板降噪性能优化[J].声学技术,2024,43(4):542~549 |
| 直立插板式声屏障屏体板降噪性能优化 |
| Optimization of noise reduction performance of upright insert noise barrier screen panels |
| 投稿时间：2022-12-16 修订日期：2023-04-04 |
| DOI：10.16300/j.cnki.1000-3630.2024.04.013 |
| 中文关键词: 噪声污染 直立插板式声屏障 吸/隔声 空气背腔 |
| 英文关键词: noise pollution upright insert noise barrier sound absorption and sound insulation air back cavity |
| 基金项目:甘肃省自然科学基金项目(22JR5RA344、22JR11RA152);甘肃省教育厅青年博士基金项目(2022QB-063)。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 随着轨道交通的快速发展，其造成的噪声污染问题已引起了人们的广泛关注，运用声屏障去处理这类噪声污染问题是目前最行之有效的措施之一。文章以使用最广泛的直立插板式阻性声屏障屏体板为研究对象，基于多孔材料等效流体理论，建立了相关吸/隔声有限元模型，计算了前罩板不同开孔工况下声屏障的吸/隔声性能，对其吸/隔声性能进行了系统研究，并提出了一种在不改变原有声屏障结构的基础上设置空气背腔的优化方案，进一步分析了该优化措施对原有声屏障吸/隔声能力的提升效果。结果表明：在声源侧的开孔罩板开孔率为15%时，隔声量在频率小于1 000 Hz时与无罩板相比无变化，在频率大于1 000 Hz高于无声源侧罩板，普遍高1.5 dB左右，随着开孔率的增大，其隔声量优于无罩板的频率点逐渐向高频偏移，且优势逐渐减小；在保持开孔率不变的情况下，针对声屏障前罩板开较小孔径的孔洞更有利于提升声屏障的吸声性能；在多孔吸声材料后布置一定厚度的空气背腔，不仅能够在一定程度上提升其吸/隔声性能，而且也大量节省了声屏障的制造成本。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the rapid development of rail transit, the noise pollution caused by it has attracted wide attention, and the use of noise barriers to deal with the noise pollution problem is one of the most effective measures at present. The most widely used upright plug-in type resistive noise barrier screen panels are used as the research object in this paper. Based on the equivalent fluid theory of porous material, the relevant sound absorption finite element model is established, and the sound absorption and sound insulation performances of the noise barrier under different opening conditions of the cover plate are calculated. The sound absorption and sound insulation performance are systematically studied, and an optimization scheme of setting air-back cavity without changing the original noise barrier structure is proposed. The effects of the optimization measure on the sound absorption and isolation capacities of the base noise barrier are further analyzed. The results show that when the aperture rate of the open cover plate on the source side is 15%, the sound insulation does not change compared with that without cover plate when the frequency is less than 1 000 Hz, and when the frequency is greater than 1 000 Hz, the sound insulation is better than that without cover plate, generally about 1.5 dB higher. With the increase of the aperture rate, the frequency point where the sound insulation is better than that without cover plate gradually shifts to high frequency, and the advantage gradually decreases. Under the condition that the aperture rate remains unchanged, the smaller aperture size of the front cover plate is more beneficial to improve the sound absorption performance of the barrier. Arranging a certain thickness of air-back cavity after the porous sound-absorbing material can not only improve the sound absorption/ insulation performance to a certain extent, but also save a lot of manufacturing cost of the sound barrier. |
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