李倩茹,宋志杰,王良,杨晴.无方位模糊的非均匀稀疏阵MVDR测向方法[J].声学技术,2015,34(5):389~394 |
无方位模糊的非均匀稀疏阵MVDR测向方法 |
MVDR based unambiguous direction finding method for non-uniform sparse array |
投稿时间:2015-04-21 修订日期:2015-07-17 |
DOI:10.16300/j.cnki.1000-3630.2015.05.002 |
中文关键词: 非均匀稀疏阵 最小方差无畸变响应 被动测向 |
英文关键词: non-uniform sparse array Minimal Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) passive direction finding |
基金项目:声场声信息国家重点实验室基金(SKLA201406) |
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中文摘要: |
稀疏阵能够获得更大的阵列孔径,但常规波束形成(Conventional Beam-Forming, CBF)对非均匀稀疏阵测向时会出现方位模糊。提出了一种基于最小方差无畸变响应(Minimal Variance Distortionless Response, MVDR)同局部非稀疏的非均匀稀疏阵(Non-Uniform Sparse Array, NUSA)的设计相结合来抑制方位模糊的方法(NUSA+MVDR),对其无方位模糊现象进行了理论分析,表明MVDR这一非线性处理方法对伪峰有很好的抑制能力。针对一种典型的NUSA(Typical NUSA, TNUSA),进行了TNUSA+MVDR数值仿真实验,其结果和理论分析一致,表明:① MVDR有很强的NUSA检测能力,在所给仿真条件下,等效阵元间距为50倍波长时,仍能很好地抑制方位模糊;② TNUSA+MVDR较阵元数相同的均匀非稀疏阵列的CBF和MVDR有更高的方位分辨力;③ 阵元数一定,TNUSA+MVDR方位分辨力随着等效间距增加而提高,最小可分辨角度反比于等效间距;④ 等效间距一定,TNUSA+MVDR方位分辨力随阵元数增加而增加。海上实验在等效阵元间距为10倍波长条件下部分验证了NUSA+MVDR的检测性能。 |
英文摘要: |
Sparse array can get large aperture, but it will also lead to azimuth ambiguity if conventional beam-forming (CBF) is used for non-uniform sparse array. In order to solve this problem, the method called NUSA+MVDR is presented, in which minimal variance distortionless response (MVDR) is applied to non-uniform sparse array with local non-sparse element distribution(NUSA), and theoretical analysis indicates that false peaks could be suppressed by this method. For a typical NUSA(TNUSA), numerical simulations are carried out, and the results, which are in good agreement with theoretical analysis, show that: 1. MVDR has great detection performance, as the equivalent element spacing reaches to 50 times of the wavelength under the simulation condition given in this paper, TNUSA+MVDR can still suppress azimuth ambiguity perfectly; 2. Azimuth resolution of TNUSA+MVDR is higher than that of CBF and MVDR for a uniform non-sparse array with the same number of elements; 3. For the given number of array elements, the azimuth resolution of TNUSA+MVDR improves with the increase in equivalent element spacing, and the minimum resolvable angle is inversely proportional to the equivalent element spacing; 4.For the given equivalent element spacing, the azimuth resolution of TNUSA+MVDR improves with the increase in the number of array elements. The detection performance of NUSA+MVDR is verified partially by marine experiments under the condition where the equivalent array element spacing is 10 times of the wavelength. |
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